Preface v

INTRODUCTION

1. A Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy James Rachels 1
2. Some Basic Points About Arguments James Rachels 20

UTILITARIANISM

3. Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill 29
4. Utilitarianism and Integrity Bernard Williams 40
5. The Experience Machine Robert Nozick 46

OTHER THEORETICAL ESSAYS

6. The Subjectivity of Values J. L. Mackie 49
7. The Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant 61
8. The Virtues Aristotle 67
9. Master Morality and Slave Morality Friedrich Nietzsche 74
10. Caring Relations and Principles of Justice Virginia Held 78

ABORTION

11. Why Abortion is Immoral Don Marquis 85
12. A Defense of Abortion Judith Jarvis Thomson 92
13. On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion and Postscript on Infanticide Mary Anne Warren 109

ANIMALS

14. All Animals Are Equal Peter Singer 120
15. Torturing Puppies and Eating Meat: It's All in Good Taste Alastair Norcross 130
16. Do Animals Have Rights? Tibor R. Machan 138

STARVATION

17. 9/11 and Starvation Mylan Engel, Jr. 151
18. The Singer Solution to World Poverty Peter Singer 154

WAR, TERRORISM, AND TORTURE

19. The Ethics of War and Peace Douglas P. Lackey 161
20. Fifty Years after Hiroshima John Rawls 170
21. What Is Wrong with Terrorism? Thomas Nagel 178
22. The War on Terrorism and the End of Human Rights David Luban 181
23. Liberalism, Torture, and the Ticking Time Bomb David Luban 189

THE DEATH PENALTY

24. A Defense of the Death Penalty Louis P. Pojman 203
25. Why the United States Will Join the Rest of the World in Abandoning Capital Punishment Stephen B. Bright 211

SEX AND DRUGS

26. America's Unjust Drug War Michael Huemer 223
27. Is Homosexuality Unnatural? Burton M. Leiser 237
28. Monogamy: A Critique John McMurtry 246
29. Our Sexual Ethics Bertrand Russell 253
30. Alcohol and Rape Nicholas Dixon 260

RACE

31. Letter from the Birmingham City Jail Martin Luther King, Jr. 271
32. Is Racial Discrimination Arbitrary? Peter Singer 279
33. In Defense of Quotas James Rachels 291

BIOETHICS

34. The Morality of Euthanasia James Rachels 306
35. Assisted Suicide: Pro-Choice or Anti-Life? Richard Doerflinger 311
36. The New Eugenics Matt Ridley 321